In the sphere of telecommunications, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) refers to the mechanism for handling digital signals. By and large, wireless is the most widely used technology, supporting 4G, 5G, and even beyond. In reality, it can help with analog, digital, hierarchical, and other modulation techniques. Selective fading resistance is one of the important advantages of OFDM
- OFDM separates the overall channel into so many narrowband signals
- These are impacted independently as flat fading sub-channels
- They are much more immune to frequency selective fading than single carrier systems
This article will provide you with a complete picture of OFDM simulator tools and software.
Let us first start with the characteristics of OFDM
3 Major Features of OFDM
The following are the major characteristics of OFDM,
- High spectral efficiency in orthogonal subcarrier
- Low sensitivity time synchronization
- With lower ISI, use a guard interval
- Short delay spread (cyclic prefix)
As a result, OFDM is a rapidly expanding topic of study with a bright future ahead. We are one of the few trusted online research guidance services in the globe, with happy customers from over 120+ countries.
Our professional, engineering and development teams have achieved world-class certification. Make contact with us to have your questions answered. Let’s have a look at OFDM in general.
Overview of OFDM
- The input bits are aggregated and converted to data symbols in a digitally developed OFDM system, which is a complex quantity encoding the modulating array points
- Binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) is a kind of phase modulation that uses two different carrier stages to transmit bytes or QAM symbols
- Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) is a kind of transmission. It is also a way of encoding digital data on multiple carrier frequencies that are used in telecommunications
- As we saw before, OFDM is highly advantageous when it comes to frequency selective fading resistance
- It is also said that OFDM is more efficient than single carrier systems as an overall channel is divided into various narrowband signals at flat fading subchannels
- Higher data rate interference is reduced as the data streams are divided into multiple sub-streams
In OFDM projects, we have provided both research and commercial implementation help. As a result, you can seek clarification on any issues you may have in the field. Despite the fact that OFDM has already been widely employed, there are indeed a few concerns that must be resolved while evaluating its implementation. Let’s take a look at some of the most pressing OFDM research issues.
Research Issues in OFDM
- Dynamic Changes of Variables: An OFDM Waveform seems to have a wide dynamic range or peak to average power ratio, and features noise-like intensity volatility
- This has an effect on RF amplifier performance since the amplifiers must be linear and accept huge amplitude changes
- These characteristics prevent the amplifier from operating at a high efficiency
- Sensitive to Noise: Another downside of OFDM is that it is vulnerable to carrier frequency offset and drift. Single-carrier networks are far less sensitive than multi-carrier ones
We’ve found more realistic and implementable solutions to many of the problems as stated above. Contact our technical specialists for more information on the solutions we proposed. Interacting with us can provide you with a wealth of information and experiences. Now, let’s discuss several fresh OFDM research concepts.
Innovative Research Ideas in OFDM
- OFDM Channel estimation, synchronisation and reduction of mutual interference
- Beamforming and allocation of channels and antennas
- OFDM signal processing and execution
- Interleaving, channel diversity, coding and modulation in OFDM systems along with examples
- Spatial and adaptive modulation
- Mitigation of peak average power ratio
We have directed a wide array of research concepts ranging from more generic to realistic strategies, in addition to the list of subjects stated above. From project selection to algorithm execution and real-time implementation, we provide complete research assistance. We encourage you to pursue any OFDM project ideas as our experts are here to help you. Let’s have a look at the algorithms that are used in OFDM,
OFDM Algorithms and Techniques
- Future Study will be looking towards an OFDM algorithm that reduces the peak-to-average-power-ratio (PAPR)
- It’s important to think about shot noise and the consequences of varying environmental conditions
So you can confidently take up OFDM simulator research topics as they have a lot of room for growth in the future. Talk to our technical team for more ideas on recent OFDM research and development. Let us now talk about PAPR mitigation strategies in OFDM
PAPR Mitigation Techniques in OFDM
As stated above OFDM algorithms for mitigation of PAPR are being developed. In this regard, we have given the most significant methods involved in mitigating PAPR in OFDM below
- Block coding and FISTA methods
- SLM in mapping, clipping and sequences of various phases
- Methods for clipping noise compression and adaptive SOICAF algorithm
- Enhanced optimisation techniques for PTS and Constant Modulus algorithm
- Reserving enhanced tone and precoding companding methods
- Tangent Rooting companding methodologies
Along with these methods, it becomes important for a researcher to have better ideas on OFDM channel estimation methods as given below
Channel Estimation Techniques in OFDM
- Deep learning and discrete Fourier transform
- Zero correlation zone method and block sparse Channel estimation
- Gaussian mixture modified Bayes modelling
- Orthogonal matching pursuit and LMMSE
- Enhanced Least Mean Square method
In general, we provide both theoretical and practical descriptions of the above-mentioned methodologies in order to provide the necessary facts on your project’s theme. You will be allocated a team of experts who will keep you up to date on any latest breakthroughs in the sector. Now we’ll look at different OFDM variants that are available.
OFDM variants
The initials of various different kinds of OFDM Simulator may be found in scientific articles. These are based on the OFDM fundamental format, but with extra features or variants
- Flash OFDM
- This is a Flarion-developed version of OFDM which is its fast-hopped edition
- To distribute signals throughout a specific spectrum band, it employs numerous tones and quick hopping
- COFDM
- Coded Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (COFDM) is a type of frequency division multiplexing
- It uses coded orthogonal frequencies to divide
- Error correction coding is built into signals in this type of OFDM
- VOFDM
- VOFDM stands for Vector OFDM
- This type of OFDM makes advantage of MIMO methodologies
- CISCO Systems is the company behind it
- MIMO or Multiple Input Multiple Output requires various antennas to broadcast and receive information
- This happens in order to utilize multi-path impacts to boost data transmission and reception speeds
- OFDMA
- OFDMA is an acronym for orthogonal frequency division multiple access
- When OFDM technologies are utilised in applications like cellular telephony, this method is being used to give multiple access capabilities
Where is OFDM used?
The following are the important use cases and associations with OFDM technology that are also the major strengths.
- Time and frequency domain equalization in wireless technology
- Digital baseband receiver algorithms
- Issues of orthogonality and concerns in the designing of OFDM systems and receivers
- Multi-carrier, filter bank multi-carrier, and Multiple access in OFDM systems
- DFT – spread – OFDMA, single carrier FDMA and Other alternatives to OFDM
- Scheduling and hybrid Waveforms
- OFDM standards and simulation
Aside from these, there are many other practical uses of OFDM projects that have major consequences. In your research career, the topic you choose is really important. At first, the nature of the topic is the most effective way to attract your supervisors’ attention. We’re here to help you choose one of the most fascinating ideas and provide the necessary technical support to make it a success. Let us now see the common OFDM simulation tools,
WHAT IS THE SIMULATION TOOLS FOR OFDM?
The following is a detailed technical note on different network tools in OFDM Simulator
- NS2 and NS3
- From DAB Radio to the High Definition video Broadcasting protocol, we create a variety of broadcast signals
- The physical layer simulation for OFDM-based standards utilised IEEE 802.11 for communication networks has also been integrated
- The revised framing error models for OFDM signals are available in the simulators like NS2 and NS3 for usage in wireless simulations
- OPNET
- This model utilizes the Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple (OFDM) technology for modulation
- It uses a high number of subcarriers assigned within a given range of frequencies to offer network building
- Additional steps to prevent packet delays are included in the 802.11a standard for the physical layer, as well as the 802.16-2004 standard for all specifications
- NetSim
- Earlier, we created multi-carrier systems such as OFDM and FBMC
- Wireless Communication in NetSim v9.1 supports a variety of 802.11 n-specific OFDM standards which aid in the application of a certain modulation technique with available bandwidth, slot duration, and NSS, among other thing
- And 802.11ac is unique in that it enables the use of various modulations in radio technologies
- The findings of the simulation are based on Networking, link, application and Protocol Specific Metrics for every procedure, and Forward charts
- GNS3
- To improve the quality of Orthogonal Frequency Division, V2X connections are formed. In vehicular networks with transmissions of V2X systems, multiplexing OFDM estimation is used. In this network, we employ the IEEE802.11 standard
- The idea of creating a dependable inter-vehicularV2Xcommunication is to optimise its performance outcome
- The efficiency of an OFDM system in terms of satisfying the bit error rate for every signal to noise ratio in different detection strategies such as zero forcing (ZF), minimal mean square error (MMSE), and many others is examined
- QualNet
- The advanced wireless model library provided by QualNet 4.5 facilitates IEEE 802.16 and defines four PHY varieties: SC, SCa, OFDM, and OFDMA
- As a result, we implemented this OFDM-based wireless network standard, which supported the efficient development of connectivity results
- Adding, deleting, and changing service flows are among the features implemented by dynamic flow management
- MAC frame creation for Downlink (DL), Uplink (UL) burst construction, sub frame construction, fragmenting, PDU concatenation, and packing are also provided by the QualNet
- LTESim
- Originally, we build a network using nodes such as user equipment (UE), Home eNB (HeNB) and evolved Node B (eNB)
- We also developed Mobility Management Entity and Gateway (or MME/GW)
- The OFDM signals must be conveyed using the procedures, which are spread among all carriers
- In addition, it implements OFDM modulations that are corrected via error correction algorithms
- After that, a few of the carriers that are lost owing to multipath effects are modulated. Thereafter, the information can indeed be recreated
- OMNET ++
- For the experiment, we constructed a bit or symbol-level physical layer modelling for the IEEE 802.11 OFDM PHY and a generic APSK model
- Forward error correction, scrambling, interleaving, and modulation are all included in the architecture
- In simulation procedure, researchers also modelled to correlate symbol-level models with frame-level computations.
As of now, OFDM in MATLAB with SIMULINK has been tested on all waveforms with features such as FFT, CP size, number of connections, and others. We would like to mention here that we have a strong hold in MATLAB and OFDM as we have guided many successful projects in the field. Let’s have a look at the tool and some of the issues in MATLAB.
Peculiar MATLAB Toolboxes for OFDM
- 5G MATLAB toolboxes can be helpful in RF design, end-to-end communication, and uplink, and downlink channels
- The instrument control toolboxes of MATLAB provides for LTE, 5G, TCP, IP, and UDP standards evaluation
- The important communication toolboxes available in MATLAB for OFDM simulation can be more useful in Channel coding, Modulation, and filtering
Two main toolboxes, Communication, and Phased Array System toolbox are used to facilitate the large MIMO OFDM Simulator experiments using MASSIVE MIMO MATLAB. Then, without a doubt, it provides the ideal arrangement for OFDM Massive MIMO MATLAB Projects. Visit our MATLAB functions for OFDM and Massive MIMO website for additional information. Let us now see how MATLAB supports MIMO simulation
MATLAB support for massive MIMO and their Functions
MATLAB supports the massive MIMO projects in the following ways
- Diagonalization of channel blocks
- Multi-path fading and hybrid beamforming
- Detection and repair of errors
- Blocks of duration in orthogonal dimension in Encoding and Decoding
- Modulation and filtration
- Synchronisation and equalisation
Our expertise can help you figure out which technique is best for your project. MATLAB tools have been used in nearly all of our OFDM simulation research. As a result, we are very knowledgeable and experienced, and our experts are qualified to provide you with full support for your entire research.
OFDM SIMULATOR USING MATLAB
All OFDM simulators are set up based on the following parameters and their respective values. These values are samples and we can change according to the network size and environment type for simulation.
- Number of subcarriers (710), symbol per subcarrier (64), bits per symbol (4), and processed bits (product of symbol per carrier, bit per symbol, and number of subcarriers)
- SNR (1:30 dB), cyclic prefix (0.25 x FFT bin size) and FFT, DHT bin size (1024)
- Modulation (π/4 DQPSK), subcarrier spacing (3.9 Kilohertz), channel (Rayleigh and AWGN), and channel bandwidth (2.7 megahertz)
- OFDM symbol time (320 microseconds), subcarrier spacing (3.9 Kilohertz), useful time period (256 microseconds), CSI at transmitters and receivers at ideal values
- Guard interval length (64 microseconds), Max Doppler shift (10 hertz)
After discussing the primary criteria for setting up an OFDM simulator and their acceptable values as mentioned here, you must have got a better idea of how to construct the best OFDM simulation project. We believe that having a strong sense of motivation can help you maintain your confidence and enthusiasm for your research efforts. As a result, you can depend on us for equal technical and moral support, which is crucial for every researcher.
Let us now see the metrics used for evaluating OFDM projects
COMPARISON METRICS FOR OFDM SIMULATION
- For varying bit rates, the maximum propagation range
- For varying noise levels, the normalised modulation index of the minimal BER is calculated
- Varying propagation ranges necessitate different degrees of transmitted power.
- Normalized Density of the power spectrum
- Outage likelihood and BER efficiency
- Peak to the Average Power Ratio
- Number of clock cycles and Xtreme DSP slices
- Frequency range in megahertz and time for computation in microseconds
- Total power consumed in mW and throughput in MSPS
- Power Delay Product or PDP
Based on these metrics, we have delivered an ample number of OFDM projects done using various OFDM simulators.
Which technology uses OFDM?
These are all wireless technologies that utilize OFDM. You shall get expert answers to such frequently asked questions in OFDM research from our experts. Reach out to us for more details on our research guidance and support on OFDM Simulator.
